KJ-2000 (Mainring) is an airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft designed and developed by AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Company for the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF).

空警-2000型（KJ-2000）（北约代号：“主环”）是中航工业西安飞机工业公司为中国人民解放军空军（PLAAF）设计开发的机载预警与控制（AEW&C）飞机。

 

Type

Airborne early warning and control aircraft

类型

机载预警和控制飞机

 

Operator

People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF)

操作人员

中国人民解放军空军

 

Developer

AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Company

开发商

中航工业西安飞机工业公司

 

First Flight

November 2003

首次飞行

2003年11月

 

Length

46.6m

机长

46.6米

 

KJ-2000 (Mainring) is an airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft designed and developed by AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry Company for the People’s Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF).

KJ-2000“主环”是由中国航空工业西安飞机工业公司为中国人民解放军空军（PLAAF）设计和开发的机载预警与控制（AEW&C）飞机。

 

The aircraft can detect, identify and track enemy targets flying at low altitudes and at long ranges. It can also be used to carry out command and control, battle management and airborne surveillance missions in all weather conditions.

这种飞机可以探测、识别和跟踪低空和远距离飞行的敌方目标。它还可以用于在各种天气条件下执行指挥控制、作战管理和空中监视任务。

 

The aircraft was developed based on the airframe of A-50I (Mainstay) AEW&C aircraft. The first prototype of KJ-2000 performed its maiden flight in November 2003 and the first production aircraft entered into service with the PLAAF in 2004.

该飞机是在A-50I“支柱”AEW&C飞机的机身基础上开发的。KJ-2000的第一架原型机于2003年11月进行了首飞，第一架生产飞机于2004年在中国人民解放军空军服役。

 

An additional three aircrafts were delivered by the end of 2007. The aircrafts are operated by the 26th Air Division of the PLAAF.

截至2007年底，又交付了三架飞机。这些飞机由中国人民解放军空军第26航空师操作。

 

The KJ-2000 aircraft was displayed at the China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition 2014 (Airshow China 2014) held in Zhuhai.

KJ-2000飞机在珠海举行的2014年中国国际航空航天展览会上展出。

 

Development

发展

 

China, Russia and Israel signed a $250m agreement in 1996 for the supply of an advanced airborne warning and control system (AWACS) aircraft, outfitted with Israeli Aircraft Industries’s (IAI) EL / M-205 Phalcon (phased array, L-band, CONformal) AEW phased-array radar with 360° coverage, for use by the PLAAF.

1996年，中国、俄罗斯和以色列签署了一项价值2.5亿美元的协议，提供一种先进的机载预警和控制系统（AWACS）飞机，配备以色列飞机工业公司（IAI）的EL/M-205“费尔康”（相控阵、L波段、共形）AEW相控阵雷达，覆盖360°，供中国人民解放军空军使用。

 

In 1997, Russia and Israel reached an agreement for the modification of one IL-76MD into A-50I AEW&C configuration, with an option for an additional three aircrafts, for a total cost of $1bn.

1997年，俄罗斯和以色列达成协议，将一架伊尔-76MD改装为A-50I AEW&C配置，并可选择增加三架飞机，总成本为10亿美元。

 

An IL-76 airframe was transferred to Israel for integration of Phalcon long-range observation radar in October 1999. The deal was cancelled in July 2000, due to strong objections by the US Government on the installation of the PHALCON radar.

1999年10月，一架伊尔-76机身被移交到以色列，用于整合“费尔康”远程观测雷达。由于美国政府对安装“费尔康”雷达提出强烈反对，该协议于2000年7月被取消。

 

Israel retrieved its radar and other electronic systems, and delivered the unfinished A-50I airframe to China in 2002.

以色列收回了其雷达和其他电子系统，并于2002年向中国交付了未完工的A-50I机身。

 

Chinese aircraft manufacturer AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry Company began modifications to the A-50I airframe in late 2002.

2002年末，中国飞机制造商中航工业西安飞机工业公司开始对A-50I机身进行改装。

 

The upgraded aircraft, designated KJ-2000, is fitted with an electronically steered phased-array radar system and electronics developed by Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Technology (China Electronics Technology Company’s 14th Research Institute).

升级后的飞机被命名为空警-2000型，配备了电子操作相控阵雷达系统和南京电子技术研究所（中国电子技术公司第十四研究所）开发的电子设备。

 

KJ-2000 design and features

KJ-2000的设计和特点

 

KJ-2000 AEW&C aircraft is manufactured using aluminium alloy materials and small plastic parts. It is equipped with high-mounted wings containing trailing edges, mounted with aileron and flaps. The aircraft features an adjustable, triple tail section configured in T-style to provide increased stability.

KJ-2000 AEW&C飞机采用铝合金材料和小型塑料部件制造。它配备了包含后缘的上安装机翼，安装有副翼和襟翼。该飞机具有可调节的三翼面尾部，采用T型配置，以提高稳定性。

 

The aircraft features retractable tricycle landing gear to facilitate safe take-off and landing operations. The nose landing gear consists of a two-wheel bogie, while the main landing gear features two rotating four-wheel bogies.

这架飞机配备了可收放的三点起落架，以方便安全起飞和降落操作。前起落架由一个两轮转向架组成，而主起落架具有两点旋转四轮转向架。

 

KJ-2000 has a length of 46.6m, height of 14.8m and a wing span of 50.5m. It has an empty weight of 92,500kg and a maximum take-off weight of 190,000kg. The aircraft is operated by a crew of five members and accommodates a mission crew of ten to 15 members.

KJ-2000机长46.6米，机高14.8米，翼展50.5米，空重92.5吨，最大起飞重量190吨。该飞机由5名机组人员操作，可容纳10至15名任务机组人员。

 

Radars and avionics on board KJ-2000 AEW&C aircraft

KJ-2000 AEW&C飞机上的雷达和航空电子设备

 

"The aircraft can detect, identify and track enemy targets flying at low altitudes and at long ranges."

“这种飞机可以探测、识别和跟踪低空和远距离飞行的敌方目标。”

 

KJ-2000 early warning aircraft is equipped with an advanced, non-rotating, three-sided active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar system on top of the fuselage at the rear.

KJ-2000预警机在机身后部顶部配备了一个先进的非旋转三面有源电子扫描阵列（AESA）雷达系统。

 

Three flat radar antennas are mounted in a triangular configuration and are enclosed in a disc-shaped, fixed round radar dome for protection against wind and other aerodynamic forces. Each radar antenna is steered electronically to provide 120° scan coverage in both azimuth and elevation angles.

三个平面雷达天线以三角形配置安装，并封装在圆盘形固定圆形雷达圆顶中，以抵御风和其他空气动力。每个雷达天线都以电子方式操纵，以在方位角和仰角上提供120°扫描覆盖。

 

The powerful radar system operates in either S or C-band. It can simultaneously detect and track multiple aerial and sea-based targets within a maximum range of more than 400km.

强大的雷达系统在S波段或C波段工作。它可以在400多公里的最大距离内同时探测和跟踪多个空中和海基目标。

 

In addition, the aircraft is installed with a solid nose cone to carry additional avionics for improved surveillance capabilities.

此外，该飞机安装了一个硬壳鼻锥，以携带额外的航空电子设备，从而提高监视能力。

 

KJ-2000 propulsion and performance

KJ-2000动力和性能

 

KJ-2000 AEW&C aircraft is powered by four PS-90A turbofan engines developed by Aviadvigatel. Each engine generates a thrust of 16,000 kilogram-force (kgf).

KJ-2000 AEW&C飞机由Aviadvigatel公司开发的四台PS-90A涡扇发动机提供动力。每台发动机产生16000公斤力（kgf）的推力。

 

The power plant enables the aircraft to fly at a maximum speed of 900km/h and to a maximum flight range of approximately 5,000km. Service ceiling of the aircraft is 10,200m and endurance is approximately eight hours.

该发动机使飞机能够以900公里/小时的最高速度飞行，最大飞行距离约为5000公里。该飞机的实用升限为10200米，续航时间约为8小时。