The Dong-Feng 21 (DF-21; NATO reporting name CSS-5 - Dong-Feng (Chinese: 东风; literally: "East Wind")) is a two-stage, solid-fuel rocket, single-warhead medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) in the Dong Feng series developed by China Changfeng Mechanics and Electronics Technology Academy. Development started in the late 1960s and was completed around 1985-86, but it was not deployed until 1991. It was developed from the submarine-launched JL-1 missile, and is China's first solid-fuel land-based missile. The U.S. Department of Defense in 2008 estimated that China had 60-80 missiles and 60 launchers;approximately 10-11 missiles can be built annually.

Dong-Feng 21型（DF-21；北约代号CSS-5 -东风（中文：东风；字面上的意思：“东风”））是由中国Changfeng力学和电子技术学院发展的东风系列中一种二级、固体燃料火箭发动机，单弹头中程弹道导弹（MRBM）。发展始于20世纪60年代末和在1985-86年完成，但在1991年之前没有部署。它是基于潜艇发射的JL-1导弹发展，是中国第一种固体燃料陆基导弹。美国国防部在2008年估计中国有60-80枚导弹和60套发射装置；每年大概能制造约10-11枚导弹。

 

Originally developed as a strategic weapon, the DF-21's later variants were designed for both nuclear and conventional missions. As well as a nuclear warhead of around 300 kt, it is thought that high explosive and submunition warheads are available. The latest DF-21D was said to be the world's first anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM). The DF-21 has also been developed into a space-capable anti-satellite weapon/anti-missile weapon carrier.

最初是作为一种战略武器，DF-21后来的改型，设计用于两者之一核武器和常规任务。还有一枚大约300千吨当量的核弹头，据认为可以配备高爆弹头和子母弹头。最新的东风-21D据说是世界上第一种反舰弹道导弹（ASBM）。DF-21也已发展成一个有空间能力的反卫星武器、反导武器的载体。

 

Though the launcher itself is mobile to reduce vulnerability, an actual launch unit requires support vehicles that can cover a 300×300-meter area, making it hard to move quickly and easier to detect. Also, the launcher is not made to travel off-road and requires solid ground when firing to prevent backblast and debris damage due to the hard launch, restricting its firing locations to roads and pre-made launch pads.

虽然发射装置本身是机动，以减少战损，一组实际的发射单元需要支持的车辆，可以遍布一个300米×300米的区域，使它很难迅速移动并更容易被发现。同时，发射装置不能越野当发射时由于采用热发射需要坚实的地面防止尾焰和碎片破坏，受到发射场地道路和预先安排发射台的制约。

 

DF-21/A/C (CSS-5 Mod-1/2/3)
东风-21/A/C型

 

The basic variant DF-21 had a range of 1,770+ km,and a payload of 600 kg (1,300 lb) consisting of a single 500 kt nuclear warhead, with an estimated circular error probable (CEP) of 300~400 m; this version did not enter operational service.The DF-21A was operational by 1996 and has improved accuracy with an estimated CEP of 100~300 m.This version is reported to have a similar 1,770+ km range,with a potential extended range of 2,150 km (1,340 mi).

 

基本型导弹射程1770多公里，有效载荷600公斤（1300磅）包括一枚500千吨当量的核弹头，估计圆概率误差（CEP）300 ~ 400米；这个型号没有进入操作服役。DF-21A操作时间在1996年并提高了精度圆概率误差（CEP）估计有100 ~ 300米。这个型号据报道大约射程1770公里，潜在射程到2150公里（1340英里）。

 

Revealed in 2006, the DF-21C is a terminally guided version that has a maximum range believed to be about 1,700 km (1,100 mi) and accuracy estimated to be 50~10 m.The missile was the first dual-capable version, able to be armed with either a nuclear or conventional warhead. In 2010, the DF-21C was being deployed in central Western China.

在2006年披露，DF-21C是一种末制导型号，最大射程被认为约1700公里（1100英里）和精度估计为50 ~ 10米。导弹是第一种两用型，可携带核或常规弹头。2010年，DF-21C被部署在中国西部中心。